Epistemology of Communication
http://www.bibliotecanueva.es/
Saturday, July 14, 2007
Free Acrostic Poems Blank Templates
About the Book This book brings together and links concepts, works, thoughts, ideas, authors, subject areas. The authors did not allow contaminated boxes disciplines his speech. The communication link is made. Nothing is more devastating to the thought that the borders and barriers, beliefs and concepts ready-to-wear, so it must destroy them all, but happily destroy, destroy, devour happily, as the cannibals on their merry ritual: singing, dancing, the best paintings and adornments for the party, and the flesh of mighty foes after feeding and treating them well. Rodrigo Silva Browne and Victor Sartori Echeto offer readers a good demonstration of how science must be a courageous and open. Do not be intimidated by objects or by the theories. Without fear devour prey, but build with them a love relationship, complex linkages, countless bridges, real and imagined. We offer here the beginnings of a science of communication without fear, happily devouring the ancient walls of disciplinary science, patriarchal and agonistic, made by the war and for war.
Wednesday, July 4, 2007
Sunday, May 6, 2007
Saga Frontier (j) Rom
Citizen Kane-The War of the Worlds
Citizen Kane
http://www.youtube .com / watch? v = JSnKXvdcp9A
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XD7xPDNNXSs&mode=related&search =
The War of the Worlds
http://www.youtube .com / watch? v = jX2BNhm-7K8
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMirslevFmw&mode=related&search = 
Citizen Kane
http://www.youtube .com / watch? v = JSnKXvdcp9A
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XD7xPDNNXSs&mode=related&search =
The War of the Worlds
http://www.youtube .com / watch? v = jX2BNhm-7K8
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMirslevFmw&mode=related&search =
Wednesday, March 14, 2007
Construction Zulu Beehive Hut
Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, Rhizome (Introduction)
Rhizome (Introduction)
http://caosmosis. acracia.net / text / Rizomas_una% 20introduccion.pdf 
Rhizome (Introduction)
http://caosmosis. acracia.net / text / Rizomas_una% 20introduccion.pdf
Alginate Recipe Teeth
Edgard Morin: Epistemology of complexity
Epistemology of complexity http://www.pensamientocomplejo.com.ar/docs/files/Morin% 2DEdgar% 20Epistemologia% 20of% 20the% 20Complejidad% 2Epdf
Edgard Morin Audio conference: Complexity complexity. Keynote
3rd biennial international conference, on the philosophical, epistemological and methodological complexity theory, La Habana, Cuba, January 2006. Http://www.pensamientocomplejo.com.ar/doc.asp?IdDocumento=106 
Library-Humanities
Epistemology of complexity http://www.pensamientocomplejo.com.ar/docs/files/Morin% 2DEdgar% 20Epistemologia% 20of% 20the% 20Complejidad% 2Epdf
Edgard Morin Audio conference: Complexity complexity. Keynote
3rd biennial international conference, on the philosophical, epistemological and methodological complexity theory, La Habana, Cuba, January 2006. Http://www.pensamientocomplejo.com.ar/doc.asp?IdDocumento=106
Thursday, March 8, 2007
Crankshaft Open Skidoo
Theory of Communication, Humanities Conference Edgard
ATTENTION STUDENTS OF 1 YEAR OF LIBRARY
Questions to answer about the text: Why we need the humanities? and What is Communication?
1. What are the main topics of the papers presented?
2. Why are so necessary for the Humanities?
3. What is the relationship established by Vilem Flusser between communication and culture?
CLOSING DATE FOR COMMENTS: Thursday, March 22
Semanario Brecha, Montevideo, Uruguay.Edición April 22 2005.Por humanidadesEl needed by this perentorioAlma Bolón / Carlos Hipogrosso / Fernando Pesce tradition of dialogue between master and slave (or raised), there is one particularly enigmatic. At the beginning of each verse of the text in verse, the master orders the slave to go quickly, something with which the slave complies swiftly. The master then informs the slave to his will, for example, attend a banquet. The slave not only agrees, but encourages the master in business, providing excellent reasons. But suddenly, the master declares its intention to abandon the project announced. And the slave, without hesitation, with couples conviction, provided the master of reasons as good as opposed to those provided above. With this scheme, it happens a number of projects and disclaimers: go to the palace, to hunt, marry and found a home, and so on. For example: "- Slave! A my orders! - Here I am, master, here I am! - I rise! - Sure, love, sublévate, sublévate! If you do not revolting, how you will dress? And who will give you how to fill your belly? "And because no slave, I will not rise .- Do not rise up, love, do not rise up! The man who rises, they kill, flay him alive, you tear the eyes, caught and thrown in prison. "1Some of the enigmas posed by this dialogue are related to their membership in the cuneiform literature, Mesopotamian, recorded on tablets clay, buried for millennia in unsuitable soil to preserve without damage. It is remotely conceivable "the divine maze of effects and causes," in the words of Borges, which allowed those replicas crossed, almost intact, the more than three thousand years Assyriologists atribuyen.Restringiéndonos them sensitive to some causes , domestic, could write: if the dialogue is read today on this page is because there was a weekly Montevideo hoped that the publication of the French translation of a text originally composed and recorded in Akkadian cuneiform not be sufficient reason to deserted readers of the newspaper a firm promise to never buy or read it on borrowed time. Also, if this is read here today is because there was a man, Jean Bottéro, who dedicated his life to uncover the mysteries that were scattered in hundreds of thousands of tablets, for the land that the United States was determined to save, and Mesopotamia, the current minimum Irak.Ambas labyrinth causes of that divine unites us almost four times the ancient text could be considered causes belonging to the universe of the humanities, understood as a constellation of meanings that allows us to resist and present. "We lack resistance to the present ", found Deleuze. "Being of 'his time' is a must. But it is a duty, something must for anyone who wants to progress and rise-not your time, "advised Susan Sontag.2" To be modern is to be contemporary, be now all we are fatally. Nobody, outside of a Wells dreamed adventurer has discovered the art of living in the future or the past. No non-work time, "said Borges.3" We did not leave the closure which can outline time, "mused Derrida.4Sin But fortunately, the humanities are the constellation of meanings that organized disciplinary philosophy, history points, we provide ways of resistance to this, pathways of resistance to this urgent condition present. Resist the imperative of this is to resist what it is final, which brooks no delay, which kills, which kills, trapping (which takes, according to the variant proposed by Corominas mainland) .5 The resistance is not only at present. Also, and above all, is at present, in absorbing and all-encompassing effort. Humanities fragment that totality, by drawing gaps and loopholes for those who lean to look: they provide a frame of intelligibility, which we understand and can explain and / or perplexing. Away from the constraints of the here and now, humanities enable us out of context, but more is not, at times, to recontextualizing dilemmas as close as the Assyrian master over three thousand years atrás.Puede feared that the shortfall of humanistic studies and the over-representation of what is presented as 'present' will do that in a short time, readers willing or not to speculate or wonder at the nearness of the far-away hot. 1. Jean Bottero. Mesopotamia, l'écriture, la raison et les Dieux, p. 460, Gallimard, Paris, 1987.2. "Profession: étrangère", Nouvel Observateur, 6-I-3.5. Preface to "moon face", Collected Works Volume I, p. 55, Emecé, 1996.4. Of Grammatology, p. 24, Minuit, 1967.5. Etymological Dictionary cf. Corominas: "imperative" that admits no delay. Taken from the Latin peremptorius, final, properly "that kills", derived from perimere, kill, kill (and this emergency pejorative, catch). 
ATTENTION STUDENTS OF 1 YEAR OF LIBRARY
Questions to answer about the text: Why we need the humanities? and What is Communication?
1. What are the main topics of the papers presented?
2. Why are so necessary for the Humanities?
3. What is the relationship established by Vilem Flusser between communication and culture?
CLOSING DATE FOR COMMENTS: Thursday, March 22
Semanario Brecha, Montevideo, Uruguay.Edición April 22 2005.Por humanidadesEl needed by this perentorioAlma Bolón / Carlos Hipogrosso / Fernando Pesce tradition of dialogue between master and slave (or raised), there is one particularly enigmatic. At the beginning of each verse of the text in verse, the master orders the slave to go quickly, something with which the slave complies swiftly. The master then informs the slave to his will, for example, attend a banquet. The slave not only agrees, but encourages the master in business, providing excellent reasons. But suddenly, the master declares its intention to abandon the project announced. And the slave, without hesitation, with couples conviction, provided the master of reasons as good as opposed to those provided above. With this scheme, it happens a number of projects and disclaimers: go to the palace, to hunt, marry and found a home, and so on. For example: "- Slave! A my orders! - Here I am, master, here I am! - I rise! - Sure, love, sublévate, sublévate! If you do not revolting, how you will dress? And who will give you how to fill your belly? "And because no slave, I will not rise .- Do not rise up, love, do not rise up! The man who rises, they kill, flay him alive, you tear the eyes, caught and thrown in prison. "1Some of the enigmas posed by this dialogue are related to their membership in the cuneiform literature, Mesopotamian, recorded on tablets clay, buried for millennia in unsuitable soil to preserve without damage. It is remotely conceivable "the divine maze of effects and causes," in the words of Borges, which allowed those replicas crossed, almost intact, the more than three thousand years Assyriologists atribuyen.Restringiéndonos them sensitive to some causes , domestic, could write: if the dialogue is read today on this page is because there was a weekly Montevideo hoped that the publication of the French translation of a text originally composed and recorded in Akkadian cuneiform not be sufficient reason to deserted readers of the newspaper a firm promise to never buy or read it on borrowed time. Also, if this is read here today is because there was a man, Jean Bottéro, who dedicated his life to uncover the mysteries that were scattered in hundreds of thousands of tablets, for the land that the United States was determined to save, and Mesopotamia, the current minimum Irak.Ambas labyrinth causes of that divine unites us almost four times the ancient text could be considered causes belonging to the universe of the humanities, understood as a constellation of meanings that allows us to resist and present. "We lack resistance to the present ", found Deleuze. "Being of 'his time' is a must. But it is a duty, something must for anyone who wants to progress and rise-not your time, "advised Susan Sontag.2" To be modern is to be contemporary, be now all we are fatally. Nobody, outside of a Wells dreamed adventurer has discovered the art of living in the future or the past. No non-work time, "said Borges.3" We did not leave the closure which can outline time, "mused Derrida.4Sin But fortunately, the humanities are the constellation of meanings that organized disciplinary philosophy, history points, we provide ways of resistance to this, pathways of resistance to this urgent condition present. Resist the imperative of this is to resist what it is final, which brooks no delay, which kills, which kills, trapping (which takes, according to the variant proposed by Corominas mainland) .5 The resistance is not only at present. Also, and above all, is at present, in absorbing and all-encompassing effort. Humanities fragment that totality, by drawing gaps and loopholes for those who lean to look: they provide a frame of intelligibility, which we understand and can explain and / or perplexing. Away from the constraints of the here and now, humanities enable us out of context, but more is not, at times, to recontextualizing dilemmas as close as the Assyrian master over three thousand years atrás.Puede feared that the shortfall of humanistic studies and the over-representation of what is presented as 'present' will do that in a short time, readers willing or not to speculate or wonder at the nearness of the far-away hot. 1. Jean Bottero. Mesopotamia, l'écriture, la raison et les Dieux, p. 460, Gallimard, Paris, 1987.2. "Profession: étrangère", Nouvel Observateur, 6-I-3.5. Preface to "moon face", Collected Works Volume I, p. 55, Emecé, 1996.4. Of Grammatology, p. 24, Minuit, 1967.5. Etymological Dictionary cf. Corominas: "imperative" that admits no delay. Taken from the Latin peremptorius, final, properly "that kills", derived from perimere, kill, kill (and this emergency pejorative, catch).
Wednesday, March 7, 2007
Libby/libby/shortfinancial Accounting
Morin (24 February, 2006) Jean Baudrillard
Audio Video Conference Edgar Morin under the Ecumenical Social Forum, February 24, 2006, IDB, Washington DC. http://www.pensamientocomplejo.com.ar/docs/audio/Morin% 5FForoEcumenico% 5FBID% 2D2% 5F24% 2D2006% 2Emp3 
Audio Video Conference Edgar Morin under the Ecumenical Social Forum, February 24, 2006, IDB, Washington DC. http://www.pensamientocomplejo.com.ar/docs/audio/Morin% 5FForoEcumenico% 5FBID% 2D2% 5F24% 2D2006% 2Emp3
Calculator Temperature Melting Pcr Product
Jean Baudrillard
DEPTH Birth: 1929Lugar: (Reims)
French thinker, one of the leading analysts postmodern society, in mid-February canceled his visit to the IVAM (Institut Valencià d'Art Modern) for health reasons. The sociologist was the guest star of a series of lectures that Valencian museum had organized during edad.Nacido mostly in the French town of Reims in 1929, within a modest family, Baudrillard studied Germanic philology at the Sorbonne in Paris and worked as a German teacher in a junior high school. In 1968 he published Le sisteme des objets, a harsh critique of consumer society, a topic that has always been one of their favorites. Also the media has been the object of his criticism, where black humor always exuded. Texts
Baudrillard:
Baudrillard, Jean: "11-S. Terrorism."
Baudrillard, Jean: "11-S. Terrorism."
the clock. Baudrillard, Jean: "Au-delà de la fin." Les Humains Associés. Baudrillard, Jean: "Baudrillard vs. Baudrillard." Minerva, 1. 2006.
Baudrillard, Jean: "The Glass et la Fumée him." Les Humains Associés, 7. 1995. Baudrillard, Jean: "The War of the accomplices." SinDominio.net.
Baudrillard, Jean: "The aesthetic illusion and disillusion. "Analytic. October, 2000. Baudrillard, Jean:" The Masque of the war. The war in Iraq. "InfoAmericas. Page 12. April 2003.
Baudrillard, Jean:" The transparency of evil ". InfoAmericas. Le Monde, 2001. Baudrillard, Jean:" The violence of the global ". CTheory.net, 2003.
Baudrillard, Jean:" L'esprit du terrorisme ". InfoAmericas. Le Monde, 2001. Baudrillard, Jean: "Simulacra and Simulations". Stanford University Press, 1988.
Tuesday, March 6, 2007
How To Getty Images Without Watermarks
Interdisciplinary
Aspectos que deben considerar en vuestros comentarios.
1. Como conceptualiza (define) a la interdisciplinariedad Morin.
2. Diferencia entre inter- pluri y transdisciplinariedad.
3. La comunicación es inter- transdiciplinaria.
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SOBRE LA INTERDISCIPLINARIEDAD
Edgar Morin
Este trabajo de Edgar Morin, publicado en el Boletín No. 2 del Centre International de
Recherches et Etudes Transdisciplinaires (CIRET), served as the introduction and animation for the organization of the 1st
. International Congress of Transdisciplinarity. It contains
definitions, distinctions and examples that illuminate the differences and similarities between inter, multi and transdisciplinary
. But he points out, perhaps, more important and complex: the need for greening
ideas and their organizations.
Discipline is an organizational category within the scientific understanding, she instituted there
division and specialization of work and they respond to the diversity of domains
covering science. While it is subsumed by a scientific group
larger, naturally tends to discipline the self, for the delimitation of its frontiers
, the language it is, the techniques she is driven to develop or
use, and eventually by the theories of its own.
disciplinary organization was established in the nineteenth century, particularly with the formation of modern universities,
then developed in the twentieth century under the impetus of scientific research
this means that the disciplines have a history: birth, institutionalization , evolution, dispersion, etc.
., this story is part of the university which in turn is inscribed in the history of
society so that the emerging disciplines of sociology of science and the sociology of knowledge
and internal reflection on herself, but also a
external knowledge. Is not sufficient as found within a discipline for
know all the problems concerning herself.
UNDER THE RISK OF EXPERTISE
hyper-fertility of the discipline in the history of science has not been substantiated by a
part it operates the constituency of a domain of competence without which knowledge and would become
fluidificaría in vague, on the other hand, she reveals, extracts or build a trivial
object for scientific study: it is in this sense that Marcelin Berthelot said
chemistry creates its own object. However, the disciplinary institution represents both a risk of hyper
the researcher and the risk of objectifying the object of study where risks
forget that this is extracted or constructed. The purpose of discipline is
then perceived as a thing in itself, relations and solidarity of this object with
others addressed by other disciplines, will be sidelined, as well as the ties and solidarity with the universe
which the object is part. The border disciplinary language and www.pensamientocomplejo.com.ar
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their own concepts will isolate the discipline in relation to the other and in relation to the problems
riding disciplines. Hiperdisciplinario spirit will become an owner
spirit which prohibits any foreign incursion of knowledge in his field. It is known that in origin the word discipline
appointed a small stem that was used for self-flagellation,
thereby allowing the self-criticism on their sense of discipline becomes degraded into a means of flogging
those who venture into the domain of ideas that the specialist considers its
property. LA MIRADA
EXTRA-DISCIPLINARY
The opening is therefore necessary. It happens that even a naive view of an amateur,
outside the discipline, even to all disciplines, solve a problem whose solution was
invisible within the discipline. The look naif who does not know clearly the obstacles
existing theory that requires the development of a new vision, can often, but sometimes
rightly afford this vision. Darin So for example, was an enlightened amateur
as Lewis Mumford wrote: "Darwin had escaped this unilateral
professional expertise which is fatal to a full understanding of the phenomena organic.
for this new role, the amateurism of the preparation of Darwin showed admirable. Although
out on board the Beagle as a naturalist, had no university education specialist
, even as a biologist I had no previous education, except that both
passionate animal researcher and collector of beetles.
then being free of attachment and inhibition school, nothing prevented him from waking up at every event
living development. "Just as the weatherman Wegener, noting the letter
naively remarked that the South Atlantic West Africa and Brazil fit
with each other. Relieving the similarities of fauna and flora, fossil and present a
and other part of the ocean he was drafted in 1912, the theory of continental drift,
logically refuted by specialists to seem theoretically impossible, undenkbar, has been admitted
fifty years later, particularly after the discovery of plate tectonics
. Marcel Proust said, "a voyage of discovery is not to seek new lands
but have a new eye." Jaques has suggested Labyrie
following theorem, which we subject to verification, "When you can not find the solution in a
discipline, the solution comes from outside the discipline. "
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Contacts: INFRINGEMENT AND MIGRATION
pensamientocomplejo@sinectis.com.ar INTERDISCIPLINARY
If the cases of Darwin and Wegener are exceptional, we can say very
faster than the history of science is not only the constitution and the
proliferation of the disciplines but also that of the breakdown of disciplinary boundaries,
of counterfeiting a problem of discipline on the other hand, movement concepts, training
hybrid disciplines that they will end up atomized, in short, is also the history of the formation
complex and different disciplines will be joining a
while coalescing, in other words, if the official history of science is the
disciplinarity, another story linked and inseparable, is that of the Inter-trans- poly-disciplinarity.
The biological revolution of the fifties was born from the theft, contacts and
transfers between disciplines on the fringes of physics, chemistry and biology.
Schrödinjer are the physical and they have projected on the biological organism
physical organizational problems. The researchers then tried
marginal discover the organization genetic heritage from DNA's chemical properties.
We can say that cell biology was born of an unlawful cohabitation. She had no
any disciplinary status in the fifties and has not acquired in France more than
after the Nobelists of Monod, Jacob, and Lwoff. This molecular biology, then,
autonomous, then tended to close and she has become imperialist but as they say
Changeux and Kipling is another story. Certain notions MIGRATION
circulate and often cross borders illegally without being detected by customs
. Contrary to the notion, strongly extended a notion
has no relevance in the disciplinary field where she was born, some migrants notions
fertilize a new field where they will take root, even at the cost of
a contradiction. B. Mandelbrot comes up to say that "one of the most powerful tools of science
, the only universal, is the contradiction made by a researcher of talent." In
made a mistake in relation to a reference system can become a truth in another
type of system. The notion of information emanating from social practice, has taken a
precise scientific meaning, again, in the Shannon theory, then they migrated to the
biology to join the gene, there she has been associated with the notion of code out of legal language, which has biologized
the notion of genetic code. Molecular biology often forgotten
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that without these notions of heritage, code, information, message, antroposociomorfo home, living organization would
unintelligible.
More important are cognitive schemas transport from one discipline to another, and Claude Levi-Strauss
not been able to develop his structural anthropology if it had not been meeting
frequent in New York in bars. It seems that R.
Jakobson had already developed structural linguistics, especially, Jakobson and Levi-Strauss had not been reunited
if they were not one and the other refugees from Europe, having fled
a few decades before the Russian revolution, the other had left occupied France
the Nazis. Are nameless migrations of ideas, conceptions,
symbiosis and theoretical transformations due to migration of scientists persecuted by the Nazi or Stalinist
Universities. The test itself is a powerful antidote to closure and
the immobility of the disciplines is of great seismic disturbances History (
at both a global war), disorders and social turbulence raise
random encounters and exchanges, which allow discipline spread a seed which will grow a new discipline
. OBJECTS AND PROJECTS
INTER AND POLIDISCIPLIINARIOS
Certain scientific conceptions maintain their vitality because they oppose
disciplinary confinement. So in the history of the Annales School is now extremely honored
after occupying a marginal place in the university. The history of the Annals
and she was operated in deep penetration of the economic outlook
and sociological history then a second generation of historians joined
deeply anthropological perspective, as witnessed by the work of Duby and Le Goff
on the Middle Ages. And fruitful history can not be longer considered as a discipline
strictly speaking, is a historical science, multifocalizada, multi-dimensional, where
dimensions of the other human sciences are present and where the global
perspective, far from being persecuted by the multiplicity of perspectives, is required
for them. Some processes
complexity of disciplinary research fields
resort to a variety of disciplines while the policompetencia the investigator.
one of the most striking cases is that of prehistory, whose object from
Leakey's discoveries in southern Africa (1959), has been the humanization, procedures, anatomical and
not only technical but also ecological (the replacement of forest by savanna), genetic, ethological
(relative to behavior), psychosocial, mythological (traces of which can
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be a cult the dead and beliefs in the afterlife). The prehistorian of today (which is devoted to the humanization
) refers to a part with the etiology of higher primates
to try to conceive as it could have made the transition from a primate society
hominianas advanced societies, and by the other party to the archaic societies
point up that process, studied by anthropology. The prehistory relies more and more to
very different techniques in particular for the dating of the bones and utensils,
climate analysis of the fauna and flora, etc. .. Linking these various disciplines to research
the prehistorian becomes policompetente, and when Coppens, for example,
provides an assessment of their work, it is a work about the multiple dimensions
of the human adventure. Prehistory is now a science and polidisciplinaria policompetente. This
example shows what the constitution of an object while Inter, poly-and transdisciplinary
to create the exchange and cooperation, policompetencia. Cognitive schemata REORGANIZATIONS
Similarly, ecological science has become an object and a poly
and interdisciplinary project from the time where not only the concept of ecological niche, but the ecosystem
(union of a biotype and a biocenosis) has been created (Tansley 1935),
ie from the time when an organizing concept has
systemic allowed to articulate the diverse knowledge (geographical, geological, microbiological, zoos and botanical
). Ecological science has been able to not only use the services of
different disciplines, but also create policompetentes scientists
It also has the responsibility of the fundamental problems of this type of organization.
The example of humanization and ecosystem show that in the history of science
, there are breaks in disciplinary confinement, is exceeded or processing of
disciplines for the formation of a new cognitive schema, which Hanson called the
retroduction . The example of biology Molecular shows that these overshoots
transformations can be made by the invention of new explanatory hypotheses, which
Pierce called abduction. The combination of new hypotheses and new joints allow
cognitive schema, organizational or structural, between separate disciplines and allow the unit
conceive of what was until then separately.
This is what makes the cosmos, which was seized with compartmental disciplines and
returns triumphantly after the development of astrophysics, after
Hubble's observations on the dispersion of the galaxies in 1930, the discovery of the isotropic radiation
in 1965, and the integration of knowledge to devise laboratory microphysical the
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formation of matter and life of the stars. Since then astrophysics is not only a science born
an increasingly strong binding between physics and astronomy
macrophysics observation is also a science that has led to the emergence of itself a cognitive
cosmological scheme: one that allows rebind including very
diverse disciplinary knowledge to consider our universe and its history, and suddenly introduced into science
(renewing interest philosophy of this key problem) what seemed until then
arise only philosophical speculation.
There is, in short, extremely fruitful hybridization cases it may be that
one of the most important moments in scientific history, meetings have been operating in full
war in the '40s, then in the fifties, among engineers and mathematicians, they did merge
mathematical works launched by Church and Turing and
research techniques to create self-governing machines, which have led to the formation
what Wiener called cybernetics, integrating theory
information conceived as part of the Bell telephone company, by Shannon and Weaver.
a real Gordian knot of formal knowledge and skills are formed, then
in the margins between the sciences and the margins between science and engineering. That body of
ideas and new knowledge has been developed to create the new realm of computer
and artificial intelligence. Its radiation has spread over all the sciences, natural and social
. Von Neumann and Wiener are typical examples of the fruitfulness of the spirits
policompetentes whose skills could be applied to various practical and theory
fundamental.
BEYOND THE DISCIPLINES
These examples, faster, fragmentary, cut, scattered
want to emphasize the amazing variety of circumstances that advance science
breaking the isolation of the disciplines, whether by the circulation of concepts or
cognitive schemas, or by the encroachment and interference, whether by the more complex of disciplines
policompetentes fields, whether by the emergence of new cognitive schemas
and new explanatory hypotheses, that is, in short, by the formation of concepts articulate organizational
allow disciplinary domains in a common theoretical system.
Today, we need to recognize this aspect is less clear in the
official history of science, which is a bit like the dark side of the moon. The disciplines are fully justified intellectually
provided they observe a
field, and design vision that recognizes the existence of relations and solidarity. Furthermore, they
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are not fully justified unless they do not hide the global realities. For
example, the notion of man is fragmented between different biological disciplines
and all disciplines of the humanities: the psyche is considered on one side, the other
brain, the body of a third, genes, culture, etc.: it is indeed multifaceted
a complex reality, but that does not make sense if they are relegated
to this reality rather than ignore it. One certainly can not create a unitary science
man, which in itself would dissolve the complex multiplicity of what is human. The important thing is
not forget that man exists and is not a naive illusion pre-scientific humanists.
would be absurd if not (in fact we have got there in certain areas of science where no human
of man has been ordered since this biped does not fall into the categories disciplinary
). Another
consciousness, one to which Piaget called the circle of the sciences
established de facto interdependence of the various sciences, it is equally necessary.
human sciences deal with man, but he is not only a cultural and psychic being, but also
a biological, and human sciences are somewhat
rooted in biological sciences, which are rooted in the physical sciences, none of them obviously
reducible to each other. However, the physical sciences are not the latest and
pedestal on which primitive all others are built, these physical sciences, for
are fundamental, they are also human sciences in the direction they appear in a human
history of human society. The development of the energy concept is inseparable from the "technical
and industrialization of western societies in the nineteenth century. Therefore, in
a sense, everything is physical, but at the same time, all human. The big problem is,
then find the difficult path of articulation between the sciences that have each,
not only their own language, but fundamental concepts that can not
passing from one language to another.
THE PROBLEM PARADIGM
In short, you should be aware of the "Problem of Paradigm." A paradigm governs the spirits
for establishing sovereign concepts and logical relation (disjunction, conjunction, implication
, etc.) Governing in a way hidden concepts and scientific theories
made under his rule. Therefore, today is emerging, in a spread, a cognitive
paradigm begins to establish bridges between the sciences and disciplines
not communicating. Indeed, the realm of Order Paradigm exclusion of disorder (which expressed
deterministic-mechanistic conception of the universe) has cracked in many places
. In different areas, the notion of order and the notion of lawlessness increasingly demanding www.pensamientocomplejo.com.ar
Contacts: pensamientocomplejo@sinectis.com.ar
more constraints, despite the logical difficulties that this presents, to be
conceived more complementary and not only antagonist: the relationship has appeared on the theoretical level
Von Neuman (theory of self-reproductive automata) and von Förster (order from
noisei), they have imposed on the thermodynamics of Prigogine
showing that organizational phenomena appear in turbulent conditions, it is implanted under the name of
chaos in meteorology, and the idea of \u200b\u200borganizing chaos has become central to physically
from the work of David Ruelle. Thus, different horizons, comes the idea that order,
disorder and organization must be designed together. The mission of science is the pursuit
clutter of his theories, but to treat them. There is more to dissolve the idea of \u200b\u200b
organization, but to conceive and introduce it to unite the disciplines of plots.
Here is why a new paradigm may be, by train from birth ... THE SCIENTIFIC PERESTROIKA
Let's revisit the terms of interdisciplinary, multi or transdisciplinary
polidisciplinariedad and not have been defined because they are textured and ethereal. For example,
interdisciplinarity might mean simply that different disciplines
sit at one table, in the same assembly, as different nations meet at UN
unable to do anything but say each have their own national rights and
own sovereignty in relation to the encroachment of the neighbor. But interdisciplinarity can also mean
exchange and cooperation, which can make
becoming interdisciplinary in something organic. The polidisciplinariedad
an association of disciplines under a project or an object which is common; while
disciplines are called as specialized techniques to solve this or that problem,
other times, however, are in deep interaction to try to conceive this project
object, as in the example of humanization. Regarding the
transdisciplinarity is often cognitive schemas
capable of crossing disciplines, sometimes with a virulence so that puts them in difficulties. They are indeed complex issues of inter
, poly, and transdisciplinarity that have operated and have played a role
fruitful in the history of science, it must retain
clear notions which are involved in them, ie cooperation and better coordination, common goals and better
common project.
In short, not just the idea of \u200b\u200binter-and transdisciplinarity what is important. We
greening disciplines, ie, taking into account all that is contextual
understanding the cultural and social conditions, that is, see what half of them born,
pose the problem, sclerose, metamorphose. It is necessary also
www.pensamientocomplejo.com.ar
Contacts: pensamientocomplejo@sinectis.com.ar
metadisciplinario, the term "meta" meaning beyond and preserve.
can not break what has been created by the disciplines could not prison break everything in this is the
discipline problem, the problem of science as the problem of life is necessary
a discipline is both open and closed.
In conclusion, what would serve all the fragmentary knowledge but to be confronted
to form a configuration in response to our demands, our needs and our questions
cognition.
We need to think also that what is beyond
discipline is necessary for the discipline, that she is not automated, and finally autoclaved
us forward to a cognitive imperative already made three centuries ago by Blaise Pascal, justifying the
disciplines while having a viewpoint metadisciplinario "being all things and causing
caused, aided and assistants, mediate and immediate, and all entertained by a natural bond and insensitive
linking the most distant and most different, I think
impossible to know the parts without knowing the whole, so as to know without knowing the whole
particular parties. "
the guest, in a way, moving to a knowledge, a knowledge of a ship
progress going from part to whole and whole to the parts which is our common ambition
The order by noise (N. of T.). 
Aspectos que deben considerar en vuestros comentarios.
1. Como conceptualiza (define) a la interdisciplinariedad Morin.
2. Diferencia entre inter- pluri y transdisciplinariedad.
3. La comunicación es inter- transdiciplinaria.
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Contactos: pensamientocomplejo@sinectis.com.ar
SOBRE LA INTERDISCIPLINARIEDAD
Edgar Morin
Este trabajo de Edgar Morin, publicado en el Boletín No. 2 del Centre International de
Recherches et Etudes Transdisciplinaires (CIRET), served as the introduction and animation for the organization of the 1st
. International Congress of Transdisciplinarity. It contains
definitions, distinctions and examples that illuminate the differences and similarities between inter, multi and transdisciplinary
. But he points out, perhaps, more important and complex: the need for greening
ideas and their organizations.
Discipline is an organizational category within the scientific understanding, she instituted there
division and specialization of work and they respond to the diversity of domains
covering science. While it is subsumed by a scientific group
larger, naturally tends to discipline the self, for the delimitation of its frontiers
, the language it is, the techniques she is driven to develop or
use, and eventually by the theories of its own.
disciplinary organization was established in the nineteenth century, particularly with the formation of modern universities,
then developed in the twentieth century under the impetus of scientific research
this means that the disciplines have a history: birth, institutionalization , evolution, dispersion, etc.
., this story is part of the university which in turn is inscribed in the history of
society so that the emerging disciplines of sociology of science and the sociology of knowledge
and internal reflection on herself, but also a
external knowledge. Is not sufficient as found within a discipline for
know all the problems concerning herself.
UNDER THE RISK OF EXPERTISE
hyper-fertility of the discipline in the history of science has not been substantiated by a
part it operates the constituency of a domain of competence without which knowledge and would become
fluidificaría in vague, on the other hand, she reveals, extracts or build a trivial
object for scientific study: it is in this sense that Marcelin Berthelot said
chemistry creates its own object. However, the disciplinary institution represents both a risk of hyper
the researcher and the risk of objectifying the object of study where risks
forget that this is extracted or constructed. The purpose of discipline is
then perceived as a thing in itself, relations and solidarity of this object with
others addressed by other disciplines, will be sidelined, as well as the ties and solidarity with the universe
which the object is part. The border disciplinary language and www.pensamientocomplejo.com.ar
Contacts: pensamientocomplejo@sinectis.com.ar
their own concepts will isolate the discipline in relation to the other and in relation to the problems
riding disciplines. Hiperdisciplinario spirit will become an owner
spirit which prohibits any foreign incursion of knowledge in his field. It is known that in origin the word discipline
appointed a small stem that was used for self-flagellation,
thereby allowing the self-criticism on their sense of discipline becomes degraded into a means of flogging
those who venture into the domain of ideas that the specialist considers its
property. LA MIRADA
EXTRA-DISCIPLINARY
The opening is therefore necessary. It happens that even a naive view of an amateur,
outside the discipline, even to all disciplines, solve a problem whose solution was
invisible within the discipline. The look naif who does not know clearly the obstacles
existing theory that requires the development of a new vision, can often, but sometimes
rightly afford this vision. Darin So for example, was an enlightened amateur
as Lewis Mumford wrote: "Darwin had escaped this unilateral
professional expertise which is fatal to a full understanding of the phenomena organic.
for this new role, the amateurism of the preparation of Darwin showed admirable. Although
out on board the Beagle as a naturalist, had no university education specialist
, even as a biologist I had no previous education, except that both
passionate animal researcher and collector of beetles.
then being free of attachment and inhibition school, nothing prevented him from waking up at every event
living development. "Just as the weatherman Wegener, noting the letter
naively remarked that the South Atlantic West Africa and Brazil fit
with each other. Relieving the similarities of fauna and flora, fossil and present a
and other part of the ocean he was drafted in 1912, the theory of continental drift,
logically refuted by specialists to seem theoretically impossible, undenkbar, has been admitted
fifty years later, particularly after the discovery of plate tectonics
. Marcel Proust said, "a voyage of discovery is not to seek new lands
but have a new eye." Jaques has suggested Labyrie
following theorem, which we subject to verification, "When you can not find the solution in a
discipline, the solution comes from outside the discipline. "
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Contacts: INFRINGEMENT AND MIGRATION
pensamientocomplejo@sinectis.com.ar INTERDISCIPLINARY
If the cases of Darwin and Wegener are exceptional, we can say very
faster than the history of science is not only the constitution and the
proliferation of the disciplines but also that of the breakdown of disciplinary boundaries,
of counterfeiting a problem of discipline on the other hand, movement concepts, training
hybrid disciplines that they will end up atomized, in short, is also the history of the formation
complex and different disciplines will be joining a
while coalescing, in other words, if the official history of science is the
disciplinarity, another story linked and inseparable, is that of the Inter-trans- poly-disciplinarity.
The biological revolution of the fifties was born from the theft, contacts and
transfers between disciplines on the fringes of physics, chemistry and biology.
Schrödinjer are the physical and they have projected on the biological organism
physical organizational problems. The researchers then tried
marginal discover the organization genetic heritage from DNA's chemical properties.
We can say that cell biology was born of an unlawful cohabitation. She had no
any disciplinary status in the fifties and has not acquired in France more than
after the Nobelists of Monod, Jacob, and Lwoff. This molecular biology, then,
autonomous, then tended to close and she has become imperialist but as they say
Changeux and Kipling is another story. Certain notions MIGRATION
circulate and often cross borders illegally without being detected by customs
. Contrary to the notion, strongly extended a notion
has no relevance in the disciplinary field where she was born, some migrants notions
fertilize a new field where they will take root, even at the cost of
a contradiction. B. Mandelbrot comes up to say that "one of the most powerful tools of science
, the only universal, is the contradiction made by a researcher of talent." In
made a mistake in relation to a reference system can become a truth in another
type of system. The notion of information emanating from social practice, has taken a
precise scientific meaning, again, in the Shannon theory, then they migrated to the
biology to join the gene, there she has been associated with the notion of code out of legal language, which has biologized
the notion of genetic code. Molecular biology often forgotten
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Contacts: pensamientocomplejo@sinectis.com.ar
that without these notions of heritage, code, information, message, antroposociomorfo home, living organization would
unintelligible.
More important are cognitive schemas transport from one discipline to another, and Claude Levi-Strauss
not been able to develop his structural anthropology if it had not been meeting
frequent in New York in bars. It seems that R.
Jakobson had already developed structural linguistics, especially, Jakobson and Levi-Strauss had not been reunited
if they were not one and the other refugees from Europe, having fled
a few decades before the Russian revolution, the other had left occupied France
the Nazis. Are nameless migrations of ideas, conceptions,
symbiosis and theoretical transformations due to migration of scientists persecuted by the Nazi or Stalinist
Universities. The test itself is a powerful antidote to closure and
the immobility of the disciplines is of great seismic disturbances History (
at both a global war), disorders and social turbulence raise
random encounters and exchanges, which allow discipline spread a seed which will grow a new discipline
. OBJECTS AND PROJECTS
INTER AND POLIDISCIPLIINARIOS
Certain scientific conceptions maintain their vitality because they oppose
disciplinary confinement. So in the history of the Annales School is now extremely honored
after occupying a marginal place in the university. The history of the Annals
and she was operated in deep penetration of the economic outlook
and sociological history then a second generation of historians joined
deeply anthropological perspective, as witnessed by the work of Duby and Le Goff
on the Middle Ages. And fruitful history can not be longer considered as a discipline
strictly speaking, is a historical science, multifocalizada, multi-dimensional, where
dimensions of the other human sciences are present and where the global
perspective, far from being persecuted by the multiplicity of perspectives, is required
for them. Some processes
complexity of disciplinary research fields
resort to a variety of disciplines while the policompetencia the investigator.
one of the most striking cases is that of prehistory, whose object from
Leakey's discoveries in southern Africa (1959), has been the humanization, procedures, anatomical and
not only technical but also ecological (the replacement of forest by savanna), genetic, ethological
(relative to behavior), psychosocial, mythological (traces of which can
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Contacts: pensamientocomplejo@sinectis.com.ar
be a cult the dead and beliefs in the afterlife). The prehistorian of today (which is devoted to the humanization
) refers to a part with the etiology of higher primates
to try to conceive as it could have made the transition from a primate society
hominianas advanced societies, and by the other party to the archaic societies
point up that process, studied by anthropology. The prehistory relies more and more to
very different techniques in particular for the dating of the bones and utensils,
climate analysis of the fauna and flora, etc. .. Linking these various disciplines to research
the prehistorian becomes policompetente, and when Coppens, for example,
provides an assessment of their work, it is a work about the multiple dimensions
of the human adventure. Prehistory is now a science and polidisciplinaria policompetente. This
example shows what the constitution of an object while Inter, poly-and transdisciplinary
to create the exchange and cooperation, policompetencia. Cognitive schemata REORGANIZATIONS
Similarly, ecological science has become an object and a poly
and interdisciplinary project from the time where not only the concept of ecological niche, but the ecosystem
(union of a biotype and a biocenosis) has been created (Tansley 1935),
ie from the time when an organizing concept has
systemic allowed to articulate the diverse knowledge (geographical, geological, microbiological, zoos and botanical
). Ecological science has been able to not only use the services of
different disciplines, but also create policompetentes scientists
It also has the responsibility of the fundamental problems of this type of organization.
The example of humanization and ecosystem show that in the history of science
, there are breaks in disciplinary confinement, is exceeded or processing of
disciplines for the formation of a new cognitive schema, which Hanson called the
retroduction . The example of biology Molecular shows that these overshoots
transformations can be made by the invention of new explanatory hypotheses, which
Pierce called abduction. The combination of new hypotheses and new joints allow
cognitive schema, organizational or structural, between separate disciplines and allow the unit
conceive of what was until then separately.
This is what makes the cosmos, which was seized with compartmental disciplines and
returns triumphantly after the development of astrophysics, after
Hubble's observations on the dispersion of the galaxies in 1930, the discovery of the isotropic radiation
in 1965, and the integration of knowledge to devise laboratory microphysical the
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formation of matter and life of the stars. Since then astrophysics is not only a science born
an increasingly strong binding between physics and astronomy
macrophysics observation is also a science that has led to the emergence of itself a cognitive
cosmological scheme: one that allows rebind including very
diverse disciplinary knowledge to consider our universe and its history, and suddenly introduced into science
(renewing interest philosophy of this key problem) what seemed until then
arise only philosophical speculation.
There is, in short, extremely fruitful hybridization cases it may be that
one of the most important moments in scientific history, meetings have been operating in full
war in the '40s, then in the fifties, among engineers and mathematicians, they did merge
mathematical works launched by Church and Turing and
research techniques to create self-governing machines, which have led to the formation
what Wiener called cybernetics, integrating theory
information conceived as part of the Bell telephone company, by Shannon and Weaver.
a real Gordian knot of formal knowledge and skills are formed, then
in the margins between the sciences and the margins between science and engineering. That body of
ideas and new knowledge has been developed to create the new realm of computer
and artificial intelligence. Its radiation has spread over all the sciences, natural and social
. Von Neumann and Wiener are typical examples of the fruitfulness of the spirits
policompetentes whose skills could be applied to various practical and theory
fundamental.
BEYOND THE DISCIPLINES
These examples, faster, fragmentary, cut, scattered
want to emphasize the amazing variety of circumstances that advance science
breaking the isolation of the disciplines, whether by the circulation of concepts or
cognitive schemas, or by the encroachment and interference, whether by the more complex of disciplines
policompetentes fields, whether by the emergence of new cognitive schemas
and new explanatory hypotheses, that is, in short, by the formation of concepts articulate organizational
allow disciplinary domains in a common theoretical system.
Today, we need to recognize this aspect is less clear in the
official history of science, which is a bit like the dark side of the moon. The disciplines are fully justified intellectually
provided they observe a
field, and design vision that recognizes the existence of relations and solidarity. Furthermore, they
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are not fully justified unless they do not hide the global realities. For
example, the notion of man is fragmented between different biological disciplines
and all disciplines of the humanities: the psyche is considered on one side, the other
brain, the body of a third, genes, culture, etc.: it is indeed multifaceted
a complex reality, but that does not make sense if they are relegated
to this reality rather than ignore it. One certainly can not create a unitary science
man, which in itself would dissolve the complex multiplicity of what is human. The important thing is
not forget that man exists and is not a naive illusion pre-scientific humanists.
would be absurd if not (in fact we have got there in certain areas of science where no human
of man has been ordered since this biped does not fall into the categories disciplinary
). Another
consciousness, one to which Piaget called the circle of the sciences
established de facto interdependence of the various sciences, it is equally necessary.
human sciences deal with man, but he is not only a cultural and psychic being, but also
a biological, and human sciences are somewhat
rooted in biological sciences, which are rooted in the physical sciences, none of them obviously
reducible to each other. However, the physical sciences are not the latest and
pedestal on which primitive all others are built, these physical sciences, for
are fundamental, they are also human sciences in the direction they appear in a human
history of human society. The development of the energy concept is inseparable from the "technical
and industrialization of western societies in the nineteenth century. Therefore, in
a sense, everything is physical, but at the same time, all human. The big problem is,
then find the difficult path of articulation between the sciences that have each,
not only their own language, but fundamental concepts that can not
passing from one language to another.
THE PROBLEM PARADIGM
In short, you should be aware of the "Problem of Paradigm." A paradigm governs the spirits
for establishing sovereign concepts and logical relation (disjunction, conjunction, implication
, etc.) Governing in a way hidden concepts and scientific theories
made under his rule. Therefore, today is emerging, in a spread, a cognitive
paradigm begins to establish bridges between the sciences and disciplines
not communicating. Indeed, the realm of Order Paradigm exclusion of disorder (which expressed
deterministic-mechanistic conception of the universe) has cracked in many places
. In different areas, the notion of order and the notion of lawlessness increasingly demanding www.pensamientocomplejo.com.ar
Contacts: pensamientocomplejo@sinectis.com.ar
more constraints, despite the logical difficulties that this presents, to be
conceived more complementary and not only antagonist: the relationship has appeared on the theoretical level
Von Neuman (theory of self-reproductive automata) and von Förster (order from
noisei), they have imposed on the thermodynamics of Prigogine
showing that organizational phenomena appear in turbulent conditions, it is implanted under the name of
chaos in meteorology, and the idea of \u200b\u200borganizing chaos has become central to physically
from the work of David Ruelle. Thus, different horizons, comes the idea that order,
disorder and organization must be designed together. The mission of science is the pursuit
clutter of his theories, but to treat them. There is more to dissolve the idea of \u200b\u200b
organization, but to conceive and introduce it to unite the disciplines of plots.
Here is why a new paradigm may be, by train from birth ... THE SCIENTIFIC PERESTROIKA
Let's revisit the terms of interdisciplinary, multi or transdisciplinary
polidisciplinariedad and not have been defined because they are textured and ethereal. For example,
interdisciplinarity might mean simply that different disciplines
sit at one table, in the same assembly, as different nations meet at UN
unable to do anything but say each have their own national rights and
own sovereignty in relation to the encroachment of the neighbor. But interdisciplinarity can also mean
exchange and cooperation, which can make
becoming interdisciplinary in something organic. The polidisciplinariedad
an association of disciplines under a project or an object which is common; while
disciplines are called as specialized techniques to solve this or that problem,
other times, however, are in deep interaction to try to conceive this project
object, as in the example of humanization. Regarding the
transdisciplinarity is often cognitive schemas
capable of crossing disciplines, sometimes with a virulence so that puts them in difficulties. They are indeed complex issues of inter
, poly, and transdisciplinarity that have operated and have played a role
fruitful in the history of science, it must retain
clear notions which are involved in them, ie cooperation and better coordination, common goals and better
common project.
In short, not just the idea of \u200b\u200binter-and transdisciplinarity what is important. We
greening disciplines, ie, taking into account all that is contextual
understanding the cultural and social conditions, that is, see what half of them born,
pose the problem, sclerose, metamorphose. It is necessary also
www.pensamientocomplejo.com.ar
Contacts: pensamientocomplejo@sinectis.com.ar
metadisciplinario, the term "meta" meaning beyond and preserve.
can not break what has been created by the disciplines could not prison break everything in this is the
discipline problem, the problem of science as the problem of life is necessary
a discipline is both open and closed.
In conclusion, what would serve all the fragmentary knowledge but to be confronted
to form a configuration in response to our demands, our needs and our questions
cognition.
We need to think also that what is beyond
discipline is necessary for the discipline, that she is not automated, and finally autoclaved
us forward to a cognitive imperative already made three centuries ago by Blaise Pascal, justifying the
disciplines while having a viewpoint metadisciplinario "being all things and causing
caused, aided and assistants, mediate and immediate, and all entertained by a natural bond and insensitive
linking the most distant and most different, I think
impossible to know the parts without knowing the whole, so as to know without knowing the whole
particular parties. "
the guest, in a way, moving to a knowledge, a knowledge of a ship
progress going from part to whole and whole to the parts which is our common ambition
The order by noise (N. of T.).
Monday, March 5, 2007
Difference Junior Ski And Adult
Valparaiso natural amphitheater of Master Classes in Communication, Prof. Dr. Victor Silva Echeto
http://www.palimpsesto.org/IMG/mp3/cunauno.mp3
http://www.palimpsesto.org/IMG/mp3/ cunados.mp3
http://www.palimpsesto.org/IMG/mp3/cunatres.mp3
http://www.palimpsesto.org/IMG/mp3/cunacuatro.mp3 
http://www.palimpsesto.org/IMG/mp3/cunauno.mp3
http://www.palimpsesto.org/IMG/mp3/ cunados.mp3
http://www.palimpsesto.org/IMG/mp3/cunatres.mp3
http://www.palimpsesto.org/IMG/mp3/cunacuatro.mp3
Plans For A Wooden Clothes Hamper
Victor SILVA Echeto, a PhD in Cultural Studies: Literature and Communication and Diploma of Advanced Studies, University of Sevilla. She completed her MA in Communication Studies from the International University of Andalusia. Bachelor of Science Communication from the University of the Republic of Uruguay and Journalism at the University of Sevilla (Certified in Chile). Currently, he is as an academic in the Faculty of Humanities at the University of Playa Ancha, University of Arts and Social Sciences (ARCIS) and Universidad Austral is a professor of postgraduate studies, all from Chile. Visiting professor at the University of the Republic of Uruguay, at the University of Seville and at university de la Frontera de Temuco and Universidad Católica de Valparaíso (Chile). He is the author of Intercultural Communication and Information, published by the European Institute for Communication and Development of Spain, and coauthor Rodrigo Browne with Sartori, of Scripture Hybrid and rhizomatic, interstitial passages, thinking between communication and culture, published by Editorial Arcibel de Sevilla (Spain). He has published several scientific articles in international journals of philosophy, communication, anthropology, literature and sociology. Has been invited to several international academic meetings such as the Forum of Cultures 2004 in Barcelona and Public Policy Communication Seminar, held in Montevideo and was organized by the Latin American Federation of Faculties of Social Communication.
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